Interstitial Cystitis (IC) is a condition resulting in recurring discomfort or pain in the bladder and the surrounding pelvic region. Its cause is unknown, but it is believed to result from a chronic inflammation and degeneration of the bladder wall. It may be more appropriate to call IC “painful bladder syndrome” (PBS).1 IC/PBS has become a significant health problem due to its chronic debilitating character.2

What causes Interstitial Cystitis/ Painful Bladder Syndrome?

It is generally believed that there are several different causes. One possibility is that UTIs may be at least partly responsible. Certainly, IC may resemble a bacterial infection when symptoms first arise, but antibiotics have no effect.3

Another suggestion is damage to the protective, waterproof lining of the bladder, possibly originating from the urine (sometimes referred to as a “leaky bladder”). If there is such a defect, the bladder wall could absorb irritant substances leading to chronic inflammation causing pain, frequency and urgency.3

How common is Interstitial Cystitis/ Painful Bladder Syndrome?

There is an estimated four hundred thousand people in the UK with IC/PBS, of whom 90% are women. People of any age may be affected, including children, but two thirds are thought to be between 20 and 50 years of age. IC/PBS can affect anyone from any background.3